Please make sure the TESSDATA_PREFIX environment variable is set to your tessdata directory

发表于 更新于 分类于 ， 阅读次数： Changyan：

安装 Tesseract 及 PyTesseract 后，在验证时，出现以下异常信息：

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Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/zhangjc/Downloads/pyocr.py", line 7, in <module>
    print(pytesseract.image_to_string(Image.open("example.png")))
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/zhangjc/.pyenv/versions/crawler/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pytesseract/pytesseract.py", line 486, in image_to_string
    return {
           ~
    ...<2 lines>...
        Output.STRING: lambda: run_and_get_output(*args),
        ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    }[output_type]()
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
  File "/home/zhangjc/.pyenv/versions/crawler/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pytesseract/pytesseract.py", line 489, in <lambda>
    Output.STRING: lambda: run_and_get_output(*args),
                           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^
  File "/home/zhangjc/.pyenv/versions/crawler/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pytesseract/pytesseract.py", line 352, in run_and_get_output
    run_tesseract(**kwargs)
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/zhangjc/.pyenv/versions/crawler/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pytesseract/pytesseract.py", line 284, in run_tesseract
    raise TesseractError(proc.returncode, get_errors(error_string))
pytesseract.pytesseract.TesseractError: (1, 'Error opening data file /usr/share/tesseract-ocr/5/tessdata/eng.traineddata Please make sure the TESSDATA_PREFIX environment variable is set to your "tessdata" directory. Failed loading language \'eng\' Tesseract couldn\'t load any languages! Could not initialize tesseract.')

根据提示信息，需要设置 TESSDATA_PREFIX 环境变量指向包含 Tesseract 语言数据文件（如 eng.traineddata、fra.traineddata 等）的 tessdata 目录。通常该目录位置如下：

  • Linux：/usr/share/tesseract-ocr/4.00/tessdata/
  • MacOS：/usr/local/Cellar/tesseract//share/tessdata/
  • Windows：C:\Program Files\Tesseract-OCR\tessdata\

Linux 下设置环境变量命令如下：

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export TESSDATA_PREFIX="/usr/share/tesseract-ocr/4.00/tessdata"

再次执行验证，成功！

Linux 下，可以在 /etc/profile 或 ~/.bashrc 中设置环境变量，避免每次临时设置。

其他系统下，可自行设置环境变量。