创建 systemd 服务文件
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| sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service
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在文件中添加以下内容（根据个人的实际安装路径调整）：
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| [Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
After=network.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
Type=notify
TimeoutSec=0
PermissionsStartOnly=true
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chown mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld
ExecStart=/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld
ExecStop=/opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root shutdown
LimitNOFILE=5000
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
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创建必要的目录和权限
在 MySQL 配置文件中做如下配置：
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| [mysqld]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
basedir = /opt/mysql
datadir = /opt/mysql/data
log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log
plugin-dir = /opt/mysql/lib/plugin
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sudo mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld
sudo chown mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld
sudo mkdir -p /var/log/mysql
sudo chown mysql:mysql /var/log/mysql
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重新加载 systemd 配置
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| sudo systemctl daemon-reload
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启用 MySQL 开机启动
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| $ sudo systemctl enable mysql
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysql.service → /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service.
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启动 MySQL 服务
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| sudo systemctl start mysql
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查看 MySQL 服务状态
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| sudo systemctl status mysql
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停止 MySQL 服务
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| sudo systemctl stop mysql
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